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Orifice Discharge (Vertical Flow) Apparatus (SMT-FM-05)

This apparatus is designed to study the discharge characteristics of vertical flow through orifices, focusing on the comparison between theoretical and actual flow rates as well as the analysis of pressure losses. It enables students to explore fundamental fluid mechanics principles including jet deflection, wall friction, and contraction coefficients.

The apparatus consists of a transparent PPI tank, a precision measuring device, a Pitot tube, and twin tube manometers. An interchangeable mouthpiece system is fitted at the tank outlet, and five different mouthpieces with varying diameters, inlet contours, and outlet contours are provided to investigate the influence of geometry on discharge and flow losses. The measuring device is used to determine the trajectory of the discharged water jet, while the Pitot tube with manometers provides velocity measurement through pressure differentials.

This unit is well-suited for laboratory experiments in fluid mechanics. It offers clear visualization of flow behavior, allows determination of contraction coefficients, and supports evaluation of pressure losses under different flow conditions. By linking measured data with theoretical predictions, it provides students with a strong practical understanding of flow through orifices.

Tank:

  • Transparent PMMA Cylindrical Tank
  • Capacity: approx. 15L.
  • Overflow height: max. 400mm.
  • Max. Flow rate: 25l/min.

Mouthpieces:

Inside diameters: d1=inlet, d2=outlet:

  • 1x cylindrical hole, d=12mm.
  • 1x outlet from the insert: cone. d1=24mm, d2=12mm
  • 1x inlet to the insert: orifice plate. d1=24mm, d2=12mm
  • 1x inlet to the insert: cone. d1=30mm, d2=12mm
  • 1x inlet to the insert: rounded, d=12mm.

Measuring ranges:

  • Pressure: 500mmws.
  • Jet radius: 0…10mm.

LxWxH: 500x400x850mm.

Weight: approx. 28kg.

Accessories (Included):

  • All necessary Flexible pipes and fittings.
  • Instruction Manual

Operating Conditions:

  • Laboratory Temperature: 5oC to 40oC

Note:

  • This product may produce small splashes of water in use, so you must use it at a safe distance from electrical supplies. ESOLS recommends approximately 2.0 m. 
  • Investigation of contraction and velocity coefficients.
  • Calculation of discharge coefficient.
  • Investigation of actual discharge coefficient, and comparison with calculated values.
  • Investigation determination of flow rate at different discharge heads.
  • Transparent PMMA tank.
  • PVC Pipe Fittings.
  • Study of pressure losses in vertical flows from tanks.
  • Direct measurement of total head, head loss and diameter of vertical water jet.
  • Determining the contraction coefficient for different contours and diameters.
  • Tank with adjustable overflow.
  • 5 interchangeable mouthpieces with different contours.
  • Measuring device for determining the jetdiameter.
  • Pitot tube for determining the total pressure.
  • Pressure display on twin tube manometers.
  • Flow rate determined by SMT-FM-100 base module.
  • Water supply using SMT-FM-100 base module or via laboratory supply.