Heat Conduction and Convection Training Unit (SMT-HT-92)

This training unit is designed to demonstrate the fundamental principles of heat conduction and convection, allowing students to perform experiments on both free and forced heat transfer mechanisms. It enables the comparative study of how different materials conduct heat and how air flow affects convective cooling, providing a practical understanding of these often-interrelated thermal processes. The apparatus features interchangeable metal samples that act as cooling fins, heated on one end by an adjustable heater. Five temperature sensors measure the thermal gradient along each sample. Below the test section, fans with continuously variable speed control generate a uniform air flow, allowing experiments to transition smoothly from still air (free convection) to flowing air (forced convection). All parameters, including heating power and flow velocity, are precisely controlled and monitored through integrated software. Its primary application is in engineering education for teaching heat transfer concepts in mechanical and chemical engineering curricula. The key benefit is the integrated educational software that combines data acquisition with theoretical instruction, using explanatory texts and illustrations to deepen comprehension. This hands-on approach allows students to directly observe and quantify the effects of material properties and flow conditions on heat dissipation, reinforcing theoretical knowledge with experimental validation.