Fluid Statics and Manometry (SMT-FM-209)

This apparatus is designed to study the principles of fluid statics and the use of various manometers for pressure measurement, providing an introduction to the behavior of liquids at rest. It allows students to explore fundamental hydrostatic concepts, such as pressure distribution and head measurement, before advancing to the study of fluids in motion. The unit features a vertical transparent tank connected to a set of different manometer tubes, including a U-tube, parallel tubes, a variable-section tube, and an inclinable tube. A manual air pump and purge valve allow for pressure adjustment and system control, while a Vernier hook and point gauge enable precise level measurement. The modular setup permits the use of each manometer individually or in combination for a wide range of demonstrations. Its primary application is in civil and mechanical engineering education for teaching fluid mechanics fundamentals. The key benefit is the comprehensive, visual comparison of manometer types and their applications, enabling students to directly measure pressure, understand sensitivity variations with fluid density and tube inclination, and grasp the practical use of these instruments in real-world systems like water supply and pneumatic controls.